diff --git a/scripts/test_pick_runtime_dtype.py b/scripts/test_pick_runtime_dtype.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bff4eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/test_pick_runtime_dtype.py
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+"""Unit checks for pick_runtime_dtype / get_dtype consistency.
+
+Loads src/voxcpm/model/utils.py directly to avoid the heavy voxcpm package
+init. Run with: `python scripts/test_pick_runtime_dtype.py`.
+"""
+import importlib.util
+import os
+import pathlib
+import sys
+
+REPO_ROOT = pathlib.Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+UTILS = str(REPO_ROOT / "src" / "voxcpm" / "model" / "utils.py")
+spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("voxcpm_utils", UTILS)
+utils = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+spec.loader.exec_module(utils)
+
+_LOW_PRECISION_DTYPES = utils._LOW_PRECISION_DTYPES
+_VALID_DTYPE_OVERRIDES = utils._VALID_DTYPE_OVERRIDES
+get_dtype = utils.get_dtype
+pick_runtime_dtype = utils.pick_runtime_dtype
+
+
+def expect(actual, expected, label):
+    ok = actual == expected
+    mark = "OK " if ok else "FAIL"
+    print(f"[{mark}] {label}: got={actual!r} expected={expected!r}")
+    return ok
+
+
+def expect_raises(fn, exc_type, label):
+    try:
+        fn()
+    except exc_type as e:
+        print(f"[OK ] {label}: raised {exc_type.__name__}: {e}")
+        return True
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"[FAIL] {label}: raised {type(e).__name__} not {exc_type.__name__}: {e}")
+        return False
+    print(f"[FAIL] {label}: no exception raised")
+    return False
+
+
+results = []
+
+print("=== override set sanity ===")
+results.append(expect("half" not in _VALID_DTYPE_OVERRIDES, True, "half removed from _VALID_DTYPE_OVERRIDES"))
+results.append(expect("half" not in _LOW_PRECISION_DTYPES, True, "half removed from _LOW_PRECISION_DTYPES"))
+
+print("\n=== every accepted override parses through get_dtype ===")
+for dt in sorted(_VALID_DTYPE_OVERRIDES):
+    try:
+        torch_dtype = get_dtype(dt)
+        print(f"[OK ] get_dtype({dt!r}) -> {torch_dtype}")
+        results.append(True)
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"[FAIL] get_dtype({dt!r}) raised: {e}")
+        results.append(False)
+
+print("\n=== pick_runtime_dtype: non-mps is a no-op ===")
+results.append(expect(pick_runtime_dtype("cuda", "bfloat16"), "bfloat16", "cuda/bf16 untouched"))
+results.append(expect(pick_runtime_dtype("cpu", "float16"), "float16", "cpu/fp16 untouched"))
+results.append(expect(pick_runtime_dtype("cuda", "float32"), "float32", "cuda/fp32 untouched"))
+
+print("\n=== pick_runtime_dtype: mps forces fp32 for low-precision ===")
+os.environ.pop("VOXCPM_MPS_DTYPE", None)
+results.append(expect(pick_runtime_dtype("mps", "bfloat16"), "float32", "mps/bf16 -> fp32"))
+results.append(expect(pick_runtime_dtype("mps", "bf16"), "float32", "mps/bf16-alias -> fp32"))
+results.append(expect(pick_runtime_dtype("mps", "float16"), "float32", "mps/fp16 -> fp32"))
+results.append(expect(pick_runtime_dtype("mps", "fp16"), "float32", "mps/fp16-alias -> fp32"))
+results.append(expect(pick_runtime_dtype("mps", "float32"), "float32", "mps/fp32 stays"))
+results.append(expect(pick_runtime_dtype("mps", "fp32"), "fp32", "mps/fp32-alias stays"))
+
+print("\n=== pick_runtime_dtype: VOXCPM_MPS_DTYPE override ===")
+os.environ["VOXCPM_MPS_DTYPE"] = "bfloat16"
+results.append(expect(pick_runtime_dtype("mps", "bfloat16"), "bfloat16", "override bf16 honored"))
+
+os.environ["VOXCPM_MPS_DTYPE"] = "FP16"
+results.append(expect(pick_runtime_dtype("mps", "bfloat16"), "fp16", "override is case-insensitive"))
+
+os.environ["VOXCPM_MPS_DTYPE"] = "  float32  "
+results.append(expect(pick_runtime_dtype("mps", "bfloat16"), "float32", "override is whitespace-trimmed"))
+
+print("\n=== pick_runtime_dtype: 'half' is no longer a valid override ===")
+os.environ["VOXCPM_MPS_DTYPE"] = "half"
+results.append(
+    expect_raises(
+        lambda: pick_runtime_dtype("mps", "bfloat16"),
+        ValueError,
+        "override=half now rejected (was the bug)",
+    )
+)
+
+os.environ["VOXCPM_MPS_DTYPE"] = "garbage"
+results.append(
+    expect_raises(
+        lambda: pick_runtime_dtype("mps", "bfloat16"),
+        ValueError,
+        "override=garbage still rejected",
+    )
+)
+
+os.environ.pop("VOXCPM_MPS_DTYPE", None)
+
+print("\n=== summary ===")
+passed = sum(results)
+total = len(results)
+print(f"{passed}/{total} passed")
+sys.exit(0 if passed == total else 1)
diff --git a/src/voxcpm/model/utils.py b/src/voxcpm/model/utils.py
index 2ca6068..940fc74 100644
--- a/src/voxcpm/model/utils.py
+++ b/src/voxcpm/model/utils.py
@@ -1,7 +1,15 @@
+import os
 from typing import List, Optional
 import torch
 from transformers import PreTrainedTokenizer
 
+_LOW_PRECISION_DTYPES = {"bfloat16", "bf16", "float16", "fp16"}
+_VALID_DTYPE_OVERRIDES = {
+    "bfloat16", "bf16",
+    "float16", "fp16",
+    "float32", "fp32",
+}
+
 
 # Ref: https://github.com/OpenBMB/VoxCPM/issues/256#issuecomment-4235252732
 # Explicitly close partially-consumed generators so inference_mode cleanup
@@ -135,6 +143,34 @@ def _has_mps() -> bool:
     return hasattr(torch.backends, "mps") and torch.backends.mps.is_available()
 
 
+def pick_runtime_dtype(device: str, configured_dtype: str) -> str:
+    """Pick a safe runtime dtype for the resolved device.
+
+    On Apple Silicon (MPS), bfloat16/float16 produce enough numerical drift
+    in the diffusion AR loop that the output is glitched and the model's
+    badcase detector triggers infinite retries. float32 is the only stable
+    option today. CUDA and CPU keep whatever the checkpoint was trained with.
+
+    Users can override with ``VOXCPM_MPS_DTYPE`` (e.g. ``bfloat16``) when
+    they want to test future MPS improvements.
+    """
+    if device != "mps":
+        return configured_dtype
+
+    override = os.environ.get("VOXCPM_MPS_DTYPE", "").strip().lower()
+    if override:
+        if override not in _VALID_DTYPE_OVERRIDES:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"VOXCPM_MPS_DTYPE='{override}' is not one of "
+                f"{sorted(_VALID_DTYPE_OVERRIDES)}"
+            )
+        return override
+
+    if (configured_dtype or "").lower() in _LOW_PRECISION_DTYPES:
+        return "float32"
+    return configured_dtype
+
+
 def auto_select_device(preferred_device: Optional[str] = "cuda") -> str:
     """
     Choose a runtime device automatically.
diff --git a/src/voxcpm/model/voxcpm.py b/src/voxcpm/model/voxcpm.py
index c08e1e8..445618b 100644
--- a/src/voxcpm/model/voxcpm.py
+++ b/src/voxcpm/model/voxcpm.py
@@ -44,7 +44,13 @@ from ..modules.layers.lora import apply_lora_to_named_linear_modules
 from ..modules.locdit import CfmConfig, UnifiedCFM, VoxCPMLocDiT
 from ..modules.locenc import VoxCPMLocEnc
 from ..modules.minicpm4 import MiniCPM4Config, MiniCPMModel
-from .utils import get_dtype, mask_multichar_chinese_tokens, next_and_close, resolve_runtime_device
+from .utils import (
+    get_dtype,
+    mask_multichar_chinese_tokens,
+    next_and_close,
+    pick_runtime_dtype,
+    resolve_runtime_device,
+)
 
 
 class VoxCPMEncoderConfig(BaseModel):
@@ -118,6 +124,13 @@ class VoxCPMModel(nn.Module):
         self.patch_size = config.patch_size
         self.device = resolve_runtime_device(device, config.device)
         self.config.device = self.device
+        resolved_dtype = pick_runtime_dtype(self.device, self.config.dtype)
+        if resolved_dtype != self.config.dtype:
+            print(
+                f"[voxcpm] adjusted dtype {self.config.dtype} -> {resolved_dtype} for device {self.device}",
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+            self.config.dtype = resolved_dtype
         print(f"Running on device: {self.device}, dtype: {self.config.dtype}", file=sys.stderr)
 
         # Text-Semantic LM
diff --git a/src/voxcpm/model/voxcpm2.py b/src/voxcpm/model/voxcpm2.py
index 8692ba0..90495f1 100644
--- a/src/voxcpm/model/voxcpm2.py
+++ b/src/voxcpm/model/voxcpm2.py
@@ -45,7 +45,13 @@ from ..modules.layers.lora import apply_lora_to_named_linear_modules
 from ..modules.locdit import CfmConfig, UnifiedCFM, VoxCPMLocDiTV2
 from ..modules.locenc import VoxCPMLocEnc
 from ..modules.minicpm4 import MiniCPM4Config, MiniCPMModel
-from .utils import get_dtype, mask_multichar_chinese_tokens, next_and_close, resolve_runtime_device
+from .utils import (
+    get_dtype,
+    mask_multichar_chinese_tokens,
+    next_and_close,
+    pick_runtime_dtype,
+    resolve_runtime_device,
+)
 
 
 # A simple function to trim audio silence using VAD, not used default
@@ -160,6 +166,13 @@ class VoxCPM2Model(nn.Module):
         self.patch_size = config.patch_size
         self.device = resolve_runtime_device(device, config.device)
         self.config.device = self.device
+        resolved_dtype = pick_runtime_dtype(self.device, self.config.dtype)
+        if resolved_dtype != self.config.dtype:
+            print(
+                f"[voxcpm2] adjusted dtype {self.config.dtype} -> {resolved_dtype} for device {self.device}",
+                file=sys.stderr,
+            )
+            self.config.dtype = resolved_dtype
         print(f"Running on device: {self.device}, dtype: {self.config.dtype}", file=sys.stderr)
 
         # Text-Semantic LM