refactor(sandbox): derive the private temp dir; drop the acl-session record

The durable sandbox/acl-session event carried a workspace binding that
always equals the session cwd and a random temp path that only needed
to be stable per session. Both are now derived: the temp subdirectory
is sha256(session id + workspace), created exclusively and removed on
provider dispose, so fork/resume semantics fall out of the derivation
and the record, its fold/provision/tamper validation, the immediate
flush kick, and the session-store dependency all disappear.
This commit is contained in:
Huanqi Cao
2026-08-10 00:54:55 +08:00
parent a29966b71f
commit 976020f2bb
12 changed files with 257 additions and 487 deletions
@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
# side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
# after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
# pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write packages/sandbox/sandbox-windows-acl/README.md
README.md: 6f649f5dcc4ecf5c2cbbe90a687af25e0c6ecc9d
README.zh.md: 11c0fdd4b7431a280ff656ae4d2bd63b81e9dd06
README.md: b13160f7490878143c719ca617936b74ffd298af
README.zh.md: 9895449f6f416ad971bbbfff700c9fd62ad99c44
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ node runner.js --workspace <dir> --temp <dir> --mode <read-only|workspace-write>
The runner creates the restricted token, spawns the wrapped argv under it with the caller's stdio passed straight through (the caller's pipes, made inheritable around the spawn — Node clears stdio inheritability at startup, which raw spawns must compensate for), wraps the child in a `KILL_ON_JOB_CLOSE` job (a dead runner kills the child), ignores its own console Ctrl+C so the child handles its own, mirrors the child's exit code, and revokes its temp grant on exit (workspace ACEs stand). Every runner-side failure prints `windows-acl-run: <detail>` to stderr and exits 127 — the seam's `RUNNER_FAILURE_RULES` match that signature, so a runner refusal is never mistaken for a denial.
**Workspace grant reuse** (`--write-sid`): the write SID is DERIVED from the workspace path — no SID is stored anywhere (the previous per-session random SID and its tamper surface are gone). The seam still provisions ONE log-only `sandbox/acl-session` event per session (bound to the owning session id, validated at the fold) carrying the session's workspace binding and PRIVATE temp subdirectory: a resumed session replays the same temp dir, a fork mints a fresh one. The seam materializes the workspace ACE STANDING (once per workspace per server lifetime, never revoked — it is the reuse cache) and the temp ACE revocably (revoked on provider dispose), both lazily at the session's first confined execution. A fresh provision kicks an IMMEDIATE persistence flush right after the append (no write-behind debounce), so the record is durable within the flush latency — a crash inside that window can strand the private temp directory unrecorded, the one documented self-healing gap (the spawn seams are synchronous, so no await barrier exists between record and ACEs). Under `--write-sid` the runner neither grants nor revokes (`manageDacls: false`) — the flag's presence marks the seam-managed contract, its value is the derived SID; without it (standalone use) the runner self-manages with the SAME derived SID (workspace ACEs standing, temp ACE revocable per call). Re-granting after a restart is idempotent: `grantWrite` reads the current DACL and SKIPS the `SetNamedSecurityInfoW` apply when the exact ACE already stands (that apply eagerly re-propagates the identical ACE across the whole tree — minutes on large workspaces). Standing ACEs from an unclean shutdown need no garbage collection — they ARE the cache; the same derived SID re-hits them forever. Known cost: materializing the grant on a big workspace tree blocks for the full eager propagation once per workspace per machine (the first confined write ever on this host).
**Workspace grant reuse** (`--write-sid`): the write SID is DERIVED from the workspace path — no SID or temp-dir state is stored anywhere (the previous per-session random SID and its tamper surface are gone). The seam materializes the workspace ACE STANDING (once per workspace per server lifetime, never revoked — it is the reuse cache) and the temp ACE revocably (revoked on provider dispose), both lazily at the session's first confined execution. The session's private temp subdirectory is DERIVED from the session id + workspace (sha256, 16 hex) instead of stored: a resumed session derives the same directory and re-grants it (the exact-ACE skip keeps that O(1)), while a fork's different session id derives a fresh one. The directory is created EXCLUSIVELY — a pre-existing entry or a reparse point fails the first confined run loudly, so the grant never lands on a foreign object — and removed again on provider dispose. Under `--write-sid` the runner neither grants nor revokes (`manageDacls: false`) — the flag's presence marks the seam-managed contract, its value is the derived SID; without it (standalone use) the runner self-manages with the SAME derived SID (workspace ACEs standing, temp ACE revocable per call). Re-granting after a restart is idempotent: `grantWrite` reads the current DACL and SKIPS the `SetNamedSecurityInfoW` apply when the exact ACE already stands (that apply eagerly re-propagates the identical ACE across the whole tree — minutes on large workspaces). Standing ACEs from an unclean shutdown need no garbage collection — they ARE the cache; the same derived SID re-hits them forever. Known cost: materializing the grant on a big workspace tree blocks for the full eager propagation once per workspace per machine (the first confined write ever on this host).
Modes (the token's restricting-SID list follows the mode; the keep-alive group is logon SID + Everyone in BOTH modes — early DLL init dies with `0xC0000142` and CNG crashes pwsh with `0xE0434352` without them):
- `workspace-write` (logon SID, Everyone, write SID): the workspace and the session's PRIVATE temp subdirectory carry the write-SID Write grant; every other write is denied by the token intersection.
@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ The koffi struct definitions assert their sizes against the probe at module load
- **Console isolation is unavailable.** Under the restricted token, children created with `CREATE_NO_WINDOW` / `CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE` die during DLL initialization with `STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED` (`0xC0000142`). The POC tried to fix this by adding the console logon SID (`S-1-2-1`) to the restricting list; on Windows 11 26200 `CreateWellKnownSid(WinLocalLogonSid)` fails with `ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER` (87), the correct `WinConsoleLogonSid` yields a valid `S-1-2-1` but the child still dies, and the POC's final revision removed both the SID and console isolation. Children therefore share the host console; stdio redirection is pipe-based and unaffected.
- **ACL grants are standing directory mutations.** They persist if the process dies mid-run; workspace ACEs are standing BY DESIGN (never revoked — the reuse cache), temp ACEs are revoked by `dispose()` (`init()` also revokes an already-applied temp grant when a later step fails). The POC's documented manual cleanup (`icacls <dir> /remove '*S-1-4-…'`) fails on this platform with `ERROR_NONE_MAPPED` (1332) — revoke through this module instead. An unclean shutdown needs no self-healing for the workspace ACE: the derived SID re-hits the standing ACE on the next provision (skipping the apply); the write-SID ACE never accumulates a second identity per restart because the identity IS the workspace.
- **Granted directories must be caller-owned.** The owner's implicit `WRITE_DAC` is what lets the sandbox edit the DACL without elevation.
- **The temp grant follows `GetTempPathW`** — pass `tempDir` explicitly whenever possible. `GetTempPathW` reads the NATIVE environment block, which host runtimes that manage `process.env` through worker pools may not keep in sync (verified with vitest: a worker-side `process.env.TMP` change never reached the native block). The seam passes the session's PRIVATE subdirectory (`<temp>\dsh-<16 random hex>`, created exclusively — a pre-existing entry or reparse point fails loudly); a defaulted grant landing on the real temp dir inherits `(OI)(CI)` over every subdirectory of temp, silently widening the allowlist — point it at a per-sandbox directory instead.
- **The confined child's temp root is private per session** (workspace-write + `--write-sid`): the runner rewrites TMP/TEMP via `SetEnvironmentVariableW` to the session's private subdirectory before the spawn and the child inherits the rewritten block (bwrap `--tmpfs /tmp` semantics). Read-only leaves the ambient temp entries untouched — writes there are denied anyway. The subdirectory itself is plain `%TEMP%` litter with no garbage collection: OS temp hygiene reclaims it, and the record's determinism lets a later resume reuse it.
- **The temp grant follows `GetTempPathW`** — pass `tempDir` explicitly whenever possible. `GetTempPathW` reads the NATIVE environment block, which host runtimes that manage `process.env` through worker pools may not keep in sync (verified with vitest: a worker-side `process.env.TMP` change never reached the native block). The seam passes the session's PRIVATE subdirectory (`<temp>\dsh-<16 hex>` derived from the session id + workspace, created exclusively — a pre-existing entry or reparse point fails loudly); a defaulted grant landing on the real temp dir inherits `(OI)(CI)` over every subdirectory of temp, silently widening the allowlist — point it at a per-sandbox directory instead.
- **The confined child's temp root is private per session** (workspace-write + `--write-sid`): the runner rewrites TMP/TEMP via `SetEnvironmentVariableW` to the session's private subdirectory before the spawn and the child inherits the rewritten block (bwrap `--tmpfs /tmp` semantics). Read-only leaves the ambient temp entries untouched — writes there are denied anyway. The subdirectory is removed on provider dispose; after a crash it may survive as plain `%TEMP%` litter until OS temp hygiene (or manual removal) reclaims it — a later resume then fails loudly at the exclusive creation.
- **`whoami` and token-inspection cmdlets fail under the restricted token.** `GetTokenInformation` on the duplicate is partially unavailable to the child, so `whoami /all` reports errors — diagnostic noise of the restriction scheme, not an operational failure; the denial surfaces that matter (file writes) are unaffected.
## Model Experience
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ None directly; the denial surface belongs to the tool layer.
- **NULL-DACL directories are not identity-preserving under grant+revoke.** A directory with a NULL DACL (rare — Windows-created directories carry real DACLs) means "everyone full control"; `grantWrite` builds the new ACL from that null, and the revoke round-trip leaves an EMPTY (deny-all) DACL rather than the original NULL DACL. The POC shares the behavior; real workspace and temp directories carry real DACLs, so this stays a documented edge rather than a guarded path.
- **Piped stdio capture is impossible for confined grandchildren (the named-pipe default SD template).** libuv's pipe stdio uses NAMED pipes; `CreateNamedPipeW` without security attributes installs the Win32 layer's user-mode default SD template (built by KernelBase — owner/SYSTEM/Admins full, Everyone/ANONYMOUS read-only, the fixed template [MS documents](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/ipc/named-pipe-security-and-access-rights)) — NOT the token default DACL, which is what the kernel applies to a raw SD-null create — so the client-end open requests write access no restricting SID is granted: `spawn(..., { stdio: 'pipe' })` inside a confined process fails with EPERM, the POC-documented "no output redirection" boundary of WRITE_RESTRICTED tokens. Inherited (`inherit`/fd) and ignored (`ignore`) stdio spawns work, and anonymous pipes (CreatePipe — a token-default-DACL consumer, e.g. PowerShell pipelines) work because the restricted token's default DACL carries a full-access restricting-SID ACE (set at init). A confined process therefore cannot capture a grandchild's output through a pipe; tools that must capture output cannot run confined.
- **Grant materialization is an eager full-tree propagation.** `SetNamedSecurityInfoW` on a directory with inheritable ACEs walks every descendant immediately (NOT lazily per access — measured at tens of seconds on large workspace trees plus the real temp root). The per-workspace identity pays it once per workspace per machine (lazily at the first confined execution ever, skipped entirely on every later provision when the exact ACE stands). If a workspace is huge, the first confined write on this host is correspondingly slow.
- **Resuming one session concurrently in two server processes races the record.** The durable record lives in the session log; both processes read or provision it independently — the derived write SID is identical, the per-path lock keeps the DACL merges consistent, and the private temp dir race resolves by the last-written record winning for future resumes. Single-writer session usage (the normal deployment) never sees this.
- **Resuming one session concurrently in two server processes fails the second at its first confined write.** Both processes derive the same private temp directory; the second one's exclusive creation hits the first one's directory and fails loudly. Single-writer session usage (the normal deployment) never sees this.
- **Read-side confinement and network policy are out of scope** — `WRITE_RESTRICTED` intersects write accesses only; pair this backend with a read-side policy for stronger confinement.
- **Wide-directory and FAT-volume warnings are deferred; FAT-class targets stay writable.** The UI-side warnings for granting unusually wide directories or FAT-class (non-ACL) volumes are not yet implemented, and a FAT volume as a grant ROOT simply fails the grant loudly (no ACL support). A FAT-class target OUTSIDE the granted roots is different: it has no security descriptors, so the restricted token's write check passes (Everyone sits in both lists) and such targets are writable under BOTH confined modes. FAT is treated as a legacy residue — unsupported and not engineered around; this warn-only posture is documented here rather than mitigated.
- **Both confined modes run `pwsh` in ConstrainedLanguage.** The restricted token trips PowerShell's lockdown detection, so under `read-only` AND `workspace-write` the language mode is ConstrainedLanguage: `Add-Type` (C# compile, P/Invoke), non-core .NET static calls (`[System.IO.*]::`, `[math]::`, `[Environment]::`), COM objects, and reflection fail with `Cannot create type` / `Cannot invoke method` ("only core types") errors, and `$ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode = 'FullLanguage'` is refused. Core cmdlets, core types (`[string]`, `[datetime]`, `[regex]`, `[guid]`), `-f` formatting, and property access keep working. The `pwsh` tool description teaches this contract to the model; `danger-full-access` calls run unconfined at FullLanguage.
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ node runner.js --workspace <dir> --temp <dir> --mode <read-only|workspace-write>
runner 创建受限令牌,在它之下 spawn 包装后的 argv,调用者的 stdio 直接透传(调用者的管道在 spawn 前后被设为可继承——Node 在启动时清除 stdio 可继承性,裸 spawn 必须补偿这一点),把子进程包进 `KILL_ON_JOB_CLOSE` job(runner 死亡则子进程死亡),忽略自身的控制台 Ctrl+C 让子进程自行处理,镜像子进程的退出码,并在退出时撤销其临时授权(工作区 ACE 常驻)。每个 runner 侧失败都会向 stderr 打印 `windows-acl-run: <detail>` 并以 127 退出——seam 的 `RUNNER_FAILURE_RULES` 匹配该签名,因此 runner 拒绝永远不会被误判为拒绝授权。
**按工作区授权复用**(`--write-sid`):写入 SID 从工作区路径**派生**——任何地方都不存储 SID(先前每会话随机 SID 及其篡改面已移除)。seam 仍会为每个会话只供给一条仅作日志记录的 `sandbox/acl-session` 事件(绑定其所属会话 id,在 fold 处校验),携带会话的工作区绑定与**私有**临时子目录:恢复的会话回放同一个临时目录,fork 则铸造一个新的。seam 把工作区 ACE **常驻**物化(每个工作区每服务器生命周期一次,绝不撤销——它就是复用缓存),把临时 ACE **可回收**物化(提供方 dispose 时撤销),两者都在会话首次受限执行时惰性进行。新供给在追加之后立即触发一次**即时**持久化 flush(无 write-behind 去抖),因此记录在 flush 延迟内即持久化——在该窗口内崩溃可能遗留未记录的私有临时目录,这是唯一记录在案的自愈缺口(spawn seam 是同步的,因此记录与 ACE 之间不存在 await 屏障)。传入 `--write-sid` 时 runner 既不授权也不回收(`manageDacls: false`)——该标志的存在标记 seam 管理的契约,其值即派生 SID;不传它(独立使用)时 runner 用**同一个**派生 SID 自行管理(工作区 ACE 常驻,临时 ACE 每次调用可回收)。重启后重新授权是幂等的:`grantWrite` 读取当前 DACL,当完全相同的 ACE 已存在时跳过 `SetNamedSecurityInfoW` 的应用(该应用会把相同的 ACE 急切地重新传播到整棵树——大型工作区上以分钟计)。异常关闭遗留的 ACE 无需垃圾回收——它们**就是**缓存;同一个派生 SID 永远重新命中它们。已知代价:在大型工作区树上物化授权会阻塞整次急切传播,每台机器每个工作区一次(该主机上的第一次受限写入)。
**按工作区授权复用**(`--write-sid`):写入 SID 从工作区路径**派生**——任何地方都不存储 SID 或临时目录状态(先前每会话随机 SID 及其篡改面已移除)。seam 把工作区 ACE **常驻**物化(每个工作区每服务器生命周期一次,绝不撤销——它就是复用缓存),把临时 ACE **可回收**物化(提供方 dispose 时撤销),两者都在会话首次受限执行时惰性进行。会话的私有临时子目录由会话 id + 工作区**派生**(sha256、16 位 hex)而非存储:恢复的会话派生同一个目录并重新授权(精确 ACE 跳过使这一步保持 O(1)),而 fork 的不同会话 id 会派生出一个全新的目录。该目录以**独占**方式创建——已存在条目或重解析点会让首次受限运行大声失败,因此授权永远不会落到外部对象上——并在提供方 dispose 时再次移除。传入 `--write-sid` 时 runner 既不授权也不回收(`manageDacls: false`)——该标志的存在标记 seam 管理的契约,其值即派生 SID;不传它(独立使用)时 runner 用**同一个**派生 SID 自行管理(工作区 ACE 常驻,临时 ACE 每次调用可回收)。重启后重新授权是幂等的:`grantWrite` 读取当前 DACL,当完全相同的 ACE 已存在时跳过 `SetNamedSecurityInfoW` 的应用(该应用会把相同的 ACE 急切地重新传播到整棵树——大型工作区上以分钟计)。异常关闭遗留的 ACE 无需垃圾回收——它们**就是**缓存;同一个派生 SID 永远重新命中它们。已知代价:在大型工作区树上物化授权会阻塞整次急切传播,每台机器每个工作区一次(该主机上的第一次受限写入)。
模式(令牌的 restricting-SID 列表随模式而变;保活组登录 SID + Everyone 在**两种**模式下都存在——没有它们早期 DLL 初始化会以 `0xC0000142` 死亡、CNG 会让 pwsh 以 `0xE0434352` 崩溃):
- `workspace-write`(登录 SID、Everyone、写入 SID):工作区与会话的**私有**临时子目录携带写入 SID 的 Write 授权;其余写全部被令牌交集拒绝。
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ koffi 结构体定义在模块加载时对照探针断言其大小,因此头
- **控制台隔离不可用。** 在受限令牌下,以 `CREATE_NO_WINDOW` / `CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE` 创建的子进程在 DLL 初始化期间以 `STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED`(`0xC0000142`)死亡。POC 尝试把控制台登录 SID(`S-1-2-1`)加入 restricting 列表来修复;在 Windows 11 26200 上 `CreateWellKnownSid(WinLocalLogonSid)` 以 `ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER`(87)失败,正确的 `WinConsoleLogonSid` 能产出合法 `S-1-2-1` 但子进程仍然死亡,POC 的最终修订同时移除了该 SID 与控制台隔离。子进程因此共享宿主控制台;stdio 重定向走管道,不受影响。
- **ACL 授权是对真实目录的驻留改动。** 进程中途死亡会留下授权;工作区 ACE **按设计**常驻(绝不撤销——复用缓存),临时 ACE 由 `dispose()` 撤销(后续步骤失败时 `init()` 也会撤销已应用的临时授权)。POC 注释里的手工清理命令(`icacls <dir> /remove '*S-1-4-…'`)在本平台实测失败(`ERROR_NONE_MAPPED` 1332)——请通过本模块回收。工作区 ACE 在异常关闭后无需自愈:派生 SID 在下一次供给时重新命中常驻 ACE(跳过应用);写入 SID ACE 不会因每次重启而累积第二个身份,因为身份**就是**工作区。
- **被授权目录必须由调用者拥有。** 所有者的隐式 `WRITE_DAC` 是沙盒无需提权即可编辑 DACL 的原因。
- **临时授权跟随 `GetTempPathW`**——尽可能显式传 `tempDir`。`GetTempPathW` 读取**原生**环境块,而通过 worker 池管理 `process.env` 的宿主运行时可能没有与之保持同步(vitest 实测:worker 侧的 `process.env.TMP` 变更从未到达原生块)。seam 传入会话的**私有**子目录(`<temp>\dsh-<16 位随机 hex>`,独占创建——已存在条目或重解析点会大声失败);默认授权落在真实临时目录上会让 `(OI)(CI)` 继承到临时目录的每个子目录,静默扩大白名单——请改指向每个沙盒的目录。
- **受限子进程的临时根目录按会话私有**(workspace-write + `--write-sid`):runner 在 spawn 之前用 `SetEnvironmentVariableW` 把 TMP/TEMP 改写为会话的私有子目录,子进程继承改写后的环境块(bwrap `--tmpfs /tmp` 的语义)。read-only 保持环境中的临时目录条目不动——那里的写入反正会被拒绝。子目录本身只是 `%TEMP%` 下的普通垃圾、没有垃圾回收:OS 对临时目录的日常清理会回收它,记录的确定性让之后的恢复可以复用它。
- **临时授权跟随 `GetTempPathW`**——尽可能显式传 `tempDir`。`GetTempPathW` 读取**原生**环境块,而通过 worker 池管理 `process.env` 的宿主运行时可能没有与之保持同步(vitest 实测:worker 侧的 `process.env.TMP` 变更从未到达原生块)。seam 传入会话的**私有**子目录(`<temp>\dsh-<16 hex>`,由会话 id + 工作区派生、独占创建——已存在条目或重解析点会大声失败);默认授权落在真实临时目录上会让 `(OI)(CI)` 继承到临时目录的每个子目录,静默扩大白名单——请改指向每个沙盒的目录。
- **受限子进程的临时根目录按会话私有**(workspace-write + `--write-sid`):runner 在 spawn 之前用 `SetEnvironmentVariableW` 把 TMP/TEMP 改写为会话的私有子目录,子进程继承改写后的环境块(bwrap `--tmpfs /tmp` 的语义)。read-only 保持环境中的临时目录条目不动——那里的写入反正会被拒绝。子目录在提供方 dispose 时移除;崩溃后它可能作为普通 `%TEMP%` 垃圾存活,直到 OS 的临时目录卫生(或手动删除)将其回收——之后的恢复会在独占创建处大声失败。
- **受限令牌下 `whoami` 与令牌检查 cmdlet 会失败。** 子进程对复制令牌的 `GetTokenInformation` 部分不可用,因此 `whoami /all` 报错——这是限制方案的诊断噪音,不是运行故障;真正重要的拒绝面(文件写入)不受影响。
## Model Experience
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ koffi 结构体定义在模块加载时对照探针断言其大小,因此头
- **NULL-DACL 目录在 grant+revoke 往返下不保持身份。** 带 NULL DACL 的目录(罕见——Windows 创建的目录都带真实 DACL)意味着「所有人完全控制」;`grantWrite` 从该 null 构建新 ACL,撤销往返后留下的是 EMPTY(全部拒绝)DACL 而非原始 NULL DACL。POC 行为相同;真实工作区与临时目录都带真实 DACL,因此这仍是记录在案的边界情形而非守护路径。
- **受限孙进程的管道 stdio 捕获不可用(named pipe 的默认 SD 模板)。** libuv 的管道 stdio 用的是 NAMED pipe;不带安全属性调用 `CreateNamedPipeW` 时,其默认安全描述符不是内核的模板,而是 Win32 层在用户态安装的默认 SD 模板(由 KernelBase 构建——owner/SYSTEM/Admins 全权,Everyone/ANONYMOUS 只读,即 [MS 文档](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/ipc/named-pipe-security-and-access-rights)记载的固定模板)——**不是**令牌默认 DACL(后者才是内核在原始 SD-null 创建时应用的)——因此 client 端打开所请求的写访问没有任何 restricting SID 被授予:受限进程内 `spawn(..., { stdio: 'pipe' })` 以 EPERM 失败,这是 POC 记载的 WRITE_RESTRICTED「无法重定向输出」边界。继承(`inherit`/fd)与忽略(`ignore`)stdio 的 spawn 可用;匿名管道(CreatePipe——令牌默认 DACL 的消费者,例如 PowerShell 的管道)因受限令牌默认 DACL 携带 restricting SID 全权 ACE(init 时写入)而可用。受限进程因此无法用管道捕获孙进程输出;必须捕获输出的工具无法在受限下运行。
- **授权物化是急切的全树传播。** 在带可继承 ACE 的目录上调用 `SetNamedSecurityInfoW` 会立即遍历每个后代(**不是**按访问惰性进行——大型工作区树上实测数十秒,加上真实临时根目录)。按工作区身份每台机器每个工作区只付一次(在首次受限执行时惰性进行,之后每次供给在精确 ACE 常驻时完全跳过)。如果工作区巨大,该主机上的第一次受限写入相应变慢。
- **两个服务器进程并发恢复同一会话会竞争记录。** 持久记录在会话日志中;两个进程独立读取或供给它——派生出的写入 SID 相同,每路径锁保持 DACL 合并一致,私有临时目录的竞争以后写记录对后续恢复生效而解决。单写者会话用法(常规部署)永远不会遇到。
- **两个服务器进程并发恢复同一会话时,第二个会在其首次受限写入处失败。** 两个进程派生同一个私有临时目录;第二个的独占创建撞上第一个的目录并大声失败。单写者会话用法(常规部署)永远不会遇到。
- **读侧隔离与网络策略不在范围内** —— `WRITE_RESTRICTED` 只交叉检查写访问;将此后端与读侧策略配对以获得更强隔离。
- **宽目录与 FAT 卷警告已推迟;FAT 类目标保持可写。** 对异常宽的目录或 FAT 类(非 ACL)卷的 UI 侧警告尚未实现,且 FAT 卷作为授权**根**只会大声失败(无 ACL 支持)。授权根**之外**的 FAT 类目标则不同:它没有安全描述符,因此受限令牌的写检查通过(Everyone 在两种列表中都在)——此类目标在**两种**受限模式下都可写。FAT 被视为遗留残留——不受支持、不围绕它设计;此处记录的是这种仅警告的立场,而非缓解措施。
- **两种受限模式都运行 ConstrainedLanguage 的 `pwsh`。** 受限令牌会触发 PowerShell 的锁定检测,因此在 `read-only` **和** `workspace-write` 下语言模式都是 ConstrainedLanguage:`Add-Type`(C# 编译、P/Invoke)、非核心 .NET 静态调用(`[System.IO.*]::`、`[math]::`、`[Environment]::`)、COM 对象与反射以 `Cannot create type` / `Cannot invoke method`(「only core types」)错误失败,且 `$ExecutionContext.SessionState.LanguageMode = 'FullLanguage'` 被拒绝。核心 cmdlet、核心类型(`[string]`、`[datetime]`、`[regex]`、`[guid]`)、`-f` 格式化与属性访问保持可用。`pwsh` 工具描述向模型传授该契约;`danger-full-access` 调用不受限地在 FullLanguage 下运行。